---
title: "EU and NATO countries imports of Russian energy (oil, gas, coal) 2021 to 2025"
analysis_id: "c0B2OeLQkQruwlVMaQ3h"
model: accounts/fireworks/models/deepseek-v4p1-flash
success: true
---

# Data analysis: EU and NATO countries imports of Russian energy (oil, gas, coal) 2021 to 2025

Model: DeepSeek V4.1 Flash
Checked on: 10/10/2026

## Findings

I have gathered the data. Here is the summary of EU and NATO countries' imports of Russian energy (oil, gas, coal) from 2021 onwards.

##### Key findings

The data come from Eurostat's energy-imports statistics, which report volumes imported **by country of origin = Russia** for each EU member state (and a few non-EU European countries). Gas is measured in million m³, oil and coal in thousand tonnes. The annual series run through **2024**; for **2025** I used the monthly datasets (annual 2025 is not yet published).

###### EU27 imports of Russian fossil fuels[^1][^2][^3][^4][^5]

| Year | Natural gas (million m³) | Oil & petroleum products (kt) | Coal / solid fossil fuels (kt) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021 | 153,226 | 173,229 | 50,986 |
| 2022 | 83,824 | 132,022 | 28,091 |
| 2023 | 33,403 | 21,404 | 838 |
| 2024 | 37,843 | 15,308 | 241 |
| 2025\* | \~28,198 | \~11,707 | n/a |

\*2025 derived from monthly data (coal monthly by origin is not published). The collapse is dramatic: by 2024 Russian gas imports were **–75%** vs 2021, oil **–91%**, and coal **–99.5%**, with a further decline in 2025. The trend is illustrated in the charts generated in  (EU27 trend) and  (EU27 levels and top importers 2021 vs 2024).

###### Which countries still import Russian energy (2024)

- **Gas:** France (7,406), Spain (6,436), Italy (5,696), Hungary (4,064), Belgium (3,445), Greece (3,340), Slovakia (3,089), Netherlands (2,127), Czechia (1,791); Germany, Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, the Baltics etc. fell to zero.
- **Oil:** Hungary (4,988), Slovakia (4,018), Czechia (2,715), Netherlands (1,579), Poland (1,083), Croatia (296), Bulgaria (233).
- **Coal:** Germany (138), Austria (67), Bulgaria (24) — essentially phased out elsewhere.
- In 2025, Russian oil imports were concentrated in Slovakia (\~4,923 kt), Hungary (\~3,762), Netherlands (\~1,716), Czechia (\~527).

###### NATO vs EU — and the Türkiye exception

Because Eurostat covers EU27 plus only a handful of non‑EU European countries, the NATO aggregate below excludes the **United States, United Kingdom and Canada** (not reported by Eurostat). Among covered members, Türkiye stands out as the only large NATO importer that did **not** cut Russian purchases:

|  | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025\* |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **NATO (covered members) – gas** | 180,128 | 105,729 | 55,158 | 59,764 | \~49,358 |
| **NATO – oil** | 184,155 | 152,220 | 47,834 | 49,169 | \~43,759 |
| **NATO – coal** | 63,711 | 48,003 | 29,235 | 25,396 | n/a |
| **Türkiye – gas** | 26,343 | 21,575 | 21,340 | 21,572 | \~21,160 |
| **Türkiye – oil** | 10,961 | 19,968 | 26,423 | 33,859 | \~32,052 |
| **Türkiye – coal** | 14,083 | 20,734 | 28,630 | 25,221 | n/a |

While EU27 imports of all three fuels collapsed, **Türkiye's imports of Russian oil roughly tripled** (2021→2024) and its coal imports rose \~80%, keeping the NATO aggregate (excluding US/UK/Canada) well above the EU27 level.

##### Caveats

- Annual data cover **2021–2024**; **2025** figures are monthly-derived and provisional.
- The **monthly gas** series uses a different methodology (consignment vs. origin) and gives sharply different country splits (e.g. it shows continued Bulgarian imports), so the 2025 gas figure should be treated as indicative[^5].
- Eurostat does not report imports for **US, UK or Canada**, so a complete NATO total cannot be produced fr

[^1]:
    [Eurostat dataset: Natural gas imports - annual data](https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ti_gas/default/table)

[^2]:
    [Eurostat dataset: Oil and petroleum products imports - annual data](https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ti_oil/default/table)

[^3]:
    [Eurostat dataset: Solid fossil fuels imports](https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ti_sff/default/table)

[^4]:
    [Eurostat dataset: Oil and petroleum products imports - monthly data](https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ti_oilm/default/table)

[^5]:
    [Eurostat dataset: Natural gas imports - monthly data](https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ti_gasm/default/table)