Reasoning:

• South Sudan has returned to warfare in early 2026 after President Salva Kiir abandoned the 2018 peace agreement (R-ARCSS)¹
• The security environment continues to deteriorate with ongoing hostilities between the South Sudan People's Defence Forces (SSPDF) and the Sudan People's Liberation Army-in-Opposition (SPLA-IO)²
• The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights has voiced alarm at growing accounts of serious human rights violations during the ongoing conflict, including gruesome killings of civilians, destruction and poisoning of water sources, and mass displacement³
• Over 160 civilians have been killed in recent weeks, with more than 280,000 people displaced since late December 2025 in Jonglei, Lakes, and Upper Nile States²³
• The UN warned in February 2026 that the country could once again descend into full-blown civil war as fighting ramps up between government forces and rebel militias⁴
• This follows a previous devastating civil war from 2013 to 2018 that displaced nearly half the population¹

Overall validity: 100%

1. Halting South Sudan's Slide into War | International Crisis Group
2. South Sudan, April 2026 Monthly Forecast - Security Council Report
3. South Sudan: Türk urges immediate ceasefire as war crimes fears ...
4. Instability in South Sudan | Global Conflict Tracker