--- title: "\"Bill Gates has donated $50 million to a new company called Terrana Biosciences,…" source: "https://x.com/thehealthb0t/status/2025064842500182035" platform: "X / Twitter" factual_accuracy: 42 overall_accuracy: null tags: ["bill gates", "terrana biosciences", "gmo", "agriculture", "epa", "food labeling", "regulation", "biotechnology"] --- # Source fact-check: "Bill Gates has donated $50 million to a new company called Terrana Biosciences,… Original post: https://x.com/thehealthb0t/status/2025064842500182035 Factual accuracy: 42% · Overall accuracy: Unknown ## Source post **Target post by @thehealthb0t** > "Bill Gates has donated $50 million to a new company called Terrana Biosciences, and they're going to create a new category of biologically-modified crops." > > "It will not be labelled as modified, and it will not be labelled as GMO, but Bill Gates is betting on making profit by genetically modifying our food without telling us." > > "Our EPA has already given it the green light." ## Post analysis Post analysis will start after all claims are evaluated. ## Claims found (19) ### 1. Once ribonucleic acid is inside a plant, it replicates — 15% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/4EbzjlX6opJ801bLv2DM **Analysis:** - The claim "Once ribonucleic acid is inside a plant, it replicates" is **false as a universal statement**. Most types of RNA—including messenger RNA, double-stranded RNA, and transfer RNA—do **not** self-replicate inside plant cells[^1][^2]. These molecules are typically degraded by cellular machinery rather than copied. - RNA replication requires a specific enzyme called **RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)**, which is encoded by most RNA viruses but is **not** a standard component of normal plant RNA metabolism[^3][^4][^5]. For RNA to replicate, it must either carry the genetic instructions to produce this enzyme (as viral RNA does) or be part of a specially engineered self-replicating RNA system[^1][^2]. - Plants do possess their own RdRP enzymes, but these primarily function in **antiviral defense**—using viral RNA as a template to generate small complementary RNAs that trigger degradation of the viral RNA—rather than replicating incoming RNA for its own propagation[^5][^6]. - The claim appears to **oversimplify or misrepresent** descriptions of Terrana Biosciences' proprietary technology, which uses RNA from benign plant viruses as a "chassis." Because this chassis RNA is derived from viruses that naturally encode replication machinery, it can replicate once inside the plant[^7][^8]. However, this is a highly specific engineered system, not a general biological rule. - The statement conflates a narrow, technology-specific phenomenon with a broad biological principle. Exogenous RNA applied to plants (such as conventional dsRNA sprays or mRNA) generally does **not** replicate, which is why RNA stability and degradation have historically been major challenges in agricultural biotechnology[^7][^9]. **Overall validity: 15%** [^1]: [Principles and Applications of Self-Replicating RNA Design – BOC Sciences](https://www.bocsci.com/blog/principles-and-applications-of-self-replicating-rna-design/?srsltid=AfmBOorAjSKHdmMNirbcaDLsrk1VgJ6McaRZgP5a2Ny9Na-6KpallLuD) [^2]: [Principles and Applications of Self-Replicating RNA Design – BOC Sciences](https://www.bocsci.com/blog/principles-and-applications-of-self-replicating-rna-design/?srsltid=AfmBOopsJk6FLgACcEx7YXI18QAVw2sGNjbU2APyta1WigcEfn8U3bW7) [^3]: [RNA replication: Process and applications | Abcam](https://www.abcam.com/en-us/knowledge-center/dna-and-rna/rna-replication) [^4]: [RNA-dependent RNA polymerase - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA-dependent_RNA_polymerase) [^5]: [RNA-dependent RNA polymerases of plants - PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC393389/) [^6]: [An important role of an inducible RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in plant antiviral defense](https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.111440998) [^7]: [https://cen.acs.org/business/agriculture/Flagship-...](https://cen.acs.org/business/agriculture/Flagship-backed-firm-using-RNA/103/web/2025/07) [^8]: [Flagship Pioneering Unveils Terrana Biosciences…](https://www.flagshippioneering.com/news/press-release/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform) [^9]: [Flagship Pioneering launches new RNA crop protection company](https://agfundernews.com/flagship-pioneerings-new-rna-based-crop-protection-company-could-provide-a-huge-way-to-deal-with-climate-change) ### 2. Once ribonucleic acid is inside a plant, it gives the plant different features — 72% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/Aw7aBNi62kvOWTcNdB98 - RNA can indeed alter plant characteristics when it enters plant cells, though the changes are typically functional and temporary rather than permanent genetic modifications[^1][^2]. - Terrana Biosciences has developed sprayable RNA that enters plants through leaf tissue to deliver "temporary functional traits," such as improved cold tolerance, insect resistance, or antifungal capabilities, effectively changing how the plant behaves without altering its genome[^2][^1]. - Researchers have demonstrated that RNA delivered via modified plant viruses can silence specific genes, leading to modified plant architecture, improved drought tolerance, accelerated flowering, and enhanced production of beneficial metabolites[^3]. - Companies like Apolo Biotech use stabilised RNA molecules that plants incorporate into their immune responses, allowing them to "learn how to defend themselves from attacks" and recognize and reproduce interference RNAs when pathogens strike[^4]. - However, the claim oversimplifies the process: the effects depend entirely on the specific type and sequence of RNA used, and the changes are generally transient, not passed to offspring, and distinct from genetic modification of the plant's DNA[^2][^5]. **Overall validity: 72%** [^1]: [Flagship Pioneering launches new RNA crop protection company](https://agfundernews.com/flagship-pioneerings-new-rna-based-crop-protection-company-could-provide-a-huge-way-to-deal-with-climate-change) [^2]: [Terrana Biosciences will create a new category of biologically modified crops](#MukNbULnW4Izc9bYI5M4) [^3]: [A new method allows genes in plants to be silenced to improve crop yields | EurekAlert\!](https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1093808) [^4]: [RNA as a replacement for chemical pesticides | Business | Chemistry World](https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/rna-as-a-replacement-for-chemical-pesticides/4021654.article) [^5]: [Targeted RNA crop protection – the next frontier in biopesticides](https://agfundernews.com/targeted-rna-crop-protection-the-next-frontier-in-biopesticides) ### 3. Terrana Biosciences is targeting tomatoes, corn, and soybeans first — 95% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/Izl09qHOuCJS105VgBho Here is my analysis of the claim: **Reasoning:** - Terrana Biosciences has demonstrated proof of concept in tomatoes, corn, and soybeans, and has built a pipeline of over 15 product candidates targeting these crops[^1]. - The company's first expected product is an antiviral spray for tomatoes, with soybean and corn antifungals planned to follow quickly after[^1]. - Terrana explicitly states it is prioritizing antivirals for tomatoes first, then coming "quickly behind that in corn and soybean with products that can solve a broader range of problems"[^1]. - Soybeans are specifically identified as one of the early crops where proof of concept has been demonstrated, alongside tomatoes and corn[^1]. **Overall validity**: 95% [^1]: [One of Terrana Biosciences' first targets is soybeans](#rrCQNhu91cmUnxPTRn7I) ### 4. Terrana Biosciences is putting insecticides within food — 5% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/LPAaH9YGwN0Mqo5jwAmz Here is my fact-check of this claim: - **Terrana Biosciences does not use traditional insecticides**: The company develops RNA-based agricultural solutions, not chemical insecticides. Their platform uses "adaptive, targeted RNA solutions" for crop protection, which is fundamentally different from conventional insecticides[^1][^2]. - **The technology is applied to plants, not put "within food"**: Terrana's RNA platform is delivered via topical sprays or seed treatments that enter plant cells through leaf tissue. It is not something being secretly added inside food products[^1][^2]. - **No products are commercially available**: As of early 2026, Terrana Biosciences' products remain in the research and development phase, and the company does not have any regulatory approvals for commercial use[^1]. - **This claim is part of a misinformation campaign**: Snopes investigated viral claims about Terrana Biosciences "poisoning food" and found them "entirely unfounded." The EPA has not made any public determinations about the company's technology, and there is no evidence products are being deployed on crops[^1][^3]. - **RNA-based crop protection targets pests/plants, not humans**: The technology works by "silencing" genes in pests or modulating plant biological processes. It is not designed to be an insecticide inside food for human consumption[^2][^3]. The claim uses inflammatory and misleading language ("putting insecticides within food") that conflates RNA-based crop protection with traditional chemical insecticides and suggests secret contamination of the food supply. This is false. **Overall validity**: 5% [^1]: [The United States Environmental Protection Agency has stated that Terrana Biosciences' modified soybeans consist of naturally occurring compounds](#TfJv8JS8k90qNSnoIult) [^2]: [One of Terrana Biosciences' first targets is soybeans](#rrCQNhu91cmUnxPTRn7I) [^3]: [Terrana Biosciences will create a new category of biologically modified crops](#MukNbULnW4Izc9bYI5M4) ### 5. Terrana Biosciences has claimed it can create any feature it wants in crops — 75% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/RJUzbXjYvI44fVwa84lc Based on my research, here's my analysis of this claim: **Analysis:** - Terrana Biosciences does make very broad capability claims on its official platform page, stating it can "make any desired trait" and that its technology can "produce any number of traits"[^1]. However, the exact phrase "create any feature it wants" is not a direct quote from the company. - CEO Ryan Rapp stated that Terrana has the ability to "unlock all aspects of seed and crop traits in plants"[^2][^3]. The company also says it sources native RNAs and "gives them new instructions to make any desired trait"[^1]. - Despite these ambitious claims, the company's technology works without altering the plant genome[^2][^4]. It uses RNA-based sprays or seed treatments that enter plant cells temporarily rather than creating permanent genetic modifications[^4][^5]. - Terrana has only demonstrated proof of concept in three crops (tomatoes, corn, and soy) with a pipeline of 15+ products[^2][^3]. Many of the broad "any trait" claims appear to be visionary rather than fully demonstrated capabilities. - The company's current focus is primarily on crop protection (antivirals, antifungals) with "improve" products for yield and agronomic traits still in earlier development stages[^6]. - While Terrana's claims are genuinely broad and ambitious, the phrase "create any feature it wants in crops" slightly overstates their exact wording and ignores the important technical reality that this is RNA-based modulation, not permanent feature creation. **Overall validity**: 75% [^1]: [Platform](https://www.terranabio.com/platform) [^2]: [Flagship Pioneering Unveils Terrana Biosciences…](https://www.flagshippioneering.com/news/press-release/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform) [^3]: [Terrana Biosciences](https://www.terranabio.com/news/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform) [^4]: [Terrana Biosciences will create a new category of biologically modified crops](#MukNbULnW4Izc9bYI5M4) [^5]: [Terrana Biosciences' technology takes ribonucleic acid from a virus](#ZSJikw97veBr36Cu0DnL) [^6]: [Terrana Biosciences to unleash RNA-based solutions for crop ...](https://www.agtechnavigator.com/Article/2025/07/03/terrana-biosciences-to-unleash-rna-based-solutions-for-crop-protection/) ### 6. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has stated that Terrana Biosciences' modified soybeans consist of naturally occurring compounds — 5% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/TfJv8JS8k90qNSnoIult **Analysis:** - The EPA has explicitly stated to Snopes that the agency "has not made a public determination regarding Terrana Biosciences' RNA-based technology," directly contradicting the claim[^1]. - As of March 2026, no public evidence exists that the EPA approved any Terrana Biosciences product for agricultural use or made statements about "naturally occurring compounds"[^1]. - The EPA spokesperson also clarified that the agency has not made any statements about GMO labeling for such products, noting that the USDA governs bioengineered food labeling, not the EPA[^1]. - Terrana Biosciences' products remain in the research and development phase as of early 2026, and the company does not currently have any regulatory approvals to make its technology commercially available[^1]. - While Terrana's own marketing describes RNA as part of "nature's intelligence" and "the language of nature," this is the company's promotional language, not an EPA determination[^2][^3]. - The claim appears to be part of a broader viral misinformation campaign about Terrana Biosciences that falsely alleged EPA approval and "naturally occurring" designations[^1]. **Overall validity**: 5% [^1]: [Did Bill Gates donate $50M to create 'biologically modified' crops? Here's the truth | Snopes.com](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bill-gates-modified-crops/) [^2]: [Flagship Pioneering Unveils Terrana Biosciences…](https://www.flagshippioneering.com/news/press-release/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform) [^3]: [Terrana Biosciences](https://www.terranabio.com/) ### 7. Terrana Biosciences' technology takes ribonucleic acid from a virus — 95% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/ZSJikw97veBr36Cu0DnL - Terrana Biosciences' proprietary RNA technology platform uses RNA derived from benign plant viruses as a "chassis" to deliver cargo RNA into plant cells[^1]. - The viral RNA chassis enters plants through tiny tears in leaves and can stimulate immune responses or be translated into protective proteins[^1]. - The company explicitly states this chassis RNA "comes from viruses that plants already tolerate," allowing it to move freely through the plant's vascular system[^1]. - This RNA is then modified and loaded with cargo tailored to address specific threats like viruses, fungi, or insects[^2][^1]. The claim is accurate. Terrana Biosciences does use RNA from viruses as a foundational component of its delivery technology. **Overall validity**: 95% [^1]: [https://cen.acs.org/business/agriculture/Flagship-...](https://cen.acs.org/business/agriculture/Flagship-backed-firm-using-RNA/103/web/2025/07) [^2]: [“Terrana Biosciences” Unveils Plans for RNA-Based Crop Protection](https://www.vantrumpreport.com/2025/09/24/terrana-biosciences-unveils-plans-for-rna-based-crop-protection/) ### 8. Bill Gates donated $15 million to Terrana Biosciences — 0% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/b3VarBvzIkbA3tqoDDRr - This claim is **false**. According to verified fact-checking records, Bill Gates has no financial involvement with Terrana Biosciences whatsoever[^1][^2]. - The actual $50 million investment in Terrana Biosciences came from **Flagship Pioneering**, a biotech venture capital firm, not from Bill Gates or the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation[^1][^2]. - Snopes investigated this exact type of rumor and confirmed through the Gates Foundation's grants database that there is no funding to Terrana, and a Flagship Pioneering spokesperson explicitly stated that Gates and the Gates Foundation have "no financial, advisory or operational involvement with Terrana"[^1]. - The amount in this claim ($15 million) differs from the widely circulated false rumor ($50 million), but the core premise remains incorrect regardless of the dollar figure[^1]. **Overall validity**: 0% [^1]: [Bill Gates donated $50 million to Terrana Biosciences](#R6lLem4DxkM5gYSGYeWd) [^2]: [One of Terrana Biosciences' first targets is soybeans](#rrCQNhu91cmUnxPTRn7I) ### 9. Consumers will not know they are buying modified soybeans from Terrana Biosciences' technology — 60% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/kcehOalSjiKeeU3QB5HE ##### Analysis of the Claim **Claim**: Consumers will not know they are buying modified soybeans from Terrana Biosciences' technology ###### Key Findings: - **Terrana's technology is RNA-based crop protection, not traditional genetic modification**. Terrana Biosciences develops RNA sprays and seed treatments that "program" plants with biological instructions to fight pathogens or stimulate immune responses[^1][^2]. The company explicitly distinguishes its RNA platform from "conventional transgenic (genetically modified)" approaches[^2]. - **RNA sprays do not necessarily modify plant DNA permanently**. The technology delivers RNA molecules into plant cells that may be translated into proteins (like Cry proteins) or trigger immune responses, but this differs from bioengineering that modifies the plant's genetic material through rDNA techniques[^2][^1]. - **USDA's Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard requires detectable modified genetic material**. The standard defines bioengineered food as containing "genetic material that has been modified through in vitro rDNA techniques"[^3]. RNA sprays are designed to degrade rapidly and may not leave detectable modified genetic material in the final food product[^4][^5]. - **RNA-treated crops may avoid bioengineered labeling**. Because RNA interference (RNAi) sprays don't involve modifying the plant's DNA through rDNA techniques, and the RNA is designed to degrade, treated crops may not meet the threshold for mandatory "bioengineered" disclosure under current USDA regulations[^4][^6]. RNAi crop sprays have even been described as appealing to markets where genetically modified crops are restricted[^6]. - **Products remain in development**. As of mid-2025, Terrana's soybean products were still in the pipeline and not yet commercially available[^2][^7]. Regulatory requirements for these specific products remain to be finalized. - **RNA pesticides are regulated under FIFRA, not as bioengineered foods**. Similar RNAi crop protection products (like GreenLight Biosciences' Calantha) are regulated by EPA as pesticides under FIFRA, which does not require consumer food labeling to disclose pesticide treatments beyond residue tolerances[^8][^9]. ###### Conclusion: The claim has merit. Under current U.S. regulations, Terrana's RNA spray technology—applied to soybeans as a topical treatment or seed treatment—likely would not trigger mandatory bioengineered food disclosure requirements because it doesn't involve rDNA modification of the plant's genetic material and the RNA is designed to degrade without leaving detectable modified genetic material in food. This means consumers may not have clear labeling indicating the soybeans were treated with this technology. However, since Terrana's soybean products are not yet commercially available, some regulatory uncertainty remains. **Overall validity**: 60% [^1]: [Terrana Biosciences to unleash RNA-based solutions for crop ...](https://www.agtechnavigator.com/Article/2025/07/03/terrana-biosciences-to-unleash-rna-based-solutions-for-crop-protection/) [^2]: [“Terrana Biosciences” Unveils Plans for RNA-Based Crop Protection](https://www.vantrumpreport.com/2025/09/24/terrana-biosciences-unveils-plans-for-rna-based-crop-protection/) [^3]: [BE Disclosure | Agricultural Marketing Service - USDA](https://www.ams.usda.gov/rules-regulations/be) [^4]: [Can You Tell Which Food Is "Bioengineered"? - The Non-GMO Project](https://www.nongmoproject.org/blog/can-you-tell-which-gmos-will-be-labeled-under-the-nbfds/) [^5]: [The Insight Hub - Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/TheeInsightHub/posts/claims-circulating-online-suggest-that-us-regulatory-agencies-approved-the-spray/925014753373523/) [^6]: [RNA interference emerges as a key tool for next‑gen crop protection - Farming Future Food](https://farmingfuturefood.com/the-role-of-rna-interference-in-the-future-of-crop-protection/) [^7]: [Digging into claim Bill Gates got approval to 'secretly' spray RNA on ...](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bill-gates-spray-rna-food-crops/) [^8]: [EPA To Allow Genetically-Based Pesticides, Incomplete Testing ...](https://beyondpesticides.org/dailynewsblog/2023/10/epa-to-allow-genetically-based-pesticides-incomplete-testing-and-documented-adverse-effects/) [^9]: [Pesticide Disclosure Requirements: A Preemption Concern | Pace Environmental Law Review](https://pelr.blogs.pace.edu/2025/11/12/pesticide-disclosure-requirements-a-preemption-concern/) ### 10. Terrana Biosciences' technology can insert any gene into any crop — 5% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/nV5r18tGN2eIFgsrjDtd **Analysis of the claim:** - Terrana Biosciences' platform is **RNA-based**, not gene insertion technology. The company describes its approach as delivering "novel RNA-based plant health solutions" that work "without altering the plant genome"[^1][^2]. - The technology uses self-replicating RNAs and computational biology to influence plant traits, but this is fundamentally different from inserting genes into a crop's DNA. RNA molecules do not integrate into the plant genome[^3]. - Terrana's products are designed to be applied topically or as seed treatments, entering plant cells to deliver temporary functional traits rather than permanent genetic modifications[^2]. - The company's own materials explicitly distinguish their approach from "traditional seed genetics" and transgenic (genetically modified) methods, stating they operate "beyond the limitations and silos of traditional seed genetics"[^2][^1]. - The claim's phrasing "insert any gene into any crop" misrepresents the technology entirely—Terrana does not insert genes at all; it delivers RNA-based instructions that leverage the plant's natural physiology without genomic alteration[^3]. **Overall validity**: 5% [^1]: [The United States Environmental Protection Agency has stated that Terrana Biosciences' modified soybeans consist of naturally occurring compounds](#TfJv8JS8k90qNSnoIult) [^2]: [Terrana Biosciences will create a new category of biologically modified crops](#MukNbULnW4Izc9bYI5M4) [^3]: [One of Terrana Biosciences' first targets is soybeans](#rrCQNhu91cmUnxPTRn7I) ### 11. Terrana Biosciences aims to make crops more insect-resistant — 90% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/qECzymW9delnwyRXKoqK - Terrana Biosciences' RNA technology platform is explicitly designed to help plants respond to threats including insects, and can deliver RNA cargo that is translated into proteins such as Cry proteins, which kill leaf-eating insects when they consume the plant[^1][^2][^3]. - Terrana CEO Ryan Rapp states that the platform's cargo RNA can be tailored to address multiple problems, including "insect predation," alongside viral infections and climate adaptation[^3][^2]. - The company uses benign plant virus RNA as a chassis to carry protective RNA into plant cells through topical sprays or seed treatments, enabling adaptive crop protection without altering the plant genome[^2][^4]. - While insect resistance is a documented aim and capability of the platform, Terrana's initial expected products focus primarily on antiviral and antifungal applications for tomatoes, corn, and soybeans rather than insect control[^5][^6]. **Overall validity**: 90% [^1]: [“Terrana Biosciences” Unveils Plans for RNA-Based Crop Protection](https://www.vantrumpreport.com/2025/09/24/terrana-biosciences-unveils-plans-for-rna-based-crop-protection/) [^2]: [Flagship-backed firm is using RNA for crop protection](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cen-10317-buscon4) [^3]: [https://cen.acs.org/business/agriculture/Flagship-...](https://cen.acs.org/business/agriculture/Flagship-backed-firm-using-RNA/103/web/2025/07) [^4]: [Flagship Pioneering Unveils Terrana Biosciences…](https://www.flagshippioneering.com/news/press-release/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform) [^5]: [One of Terrana Biosciences' first targets is soybeans](#rrCQNhu91cmUnxPTRn7I) [^6]: [Terrana Biosciences to unleash RNA-based solutions for crop ...](https://www.agtechnavigator.com/Article/2025/07/03/terrana-biosciences-to-unleash-rna-based-solutions-for-crop-protection/) ### 12. One of Terrana Biosciences' first targets is soybeans — 95% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/rrCQNhu91cmUnxPTRn7I - Terrana Biosciences has demonstrated proof of concept in tomatoes, corn, and soybeans, and has built a pipeline of over 15 product candidates[^1][^2][^3]. - The company's first expected product is an antiviral spray for tomatoes, but soybean and corn antifungals are planned to follow quickly after[^4][^5]. - The company explicitly states it is focusing on getting antivirals out first and then coming "quickly behind that in corn and soybean with products that can solve a broader range of problems"[^4]. - The platform has generated a pipeline of 15+ potential products in specialty and row crops, with soy identified as one of the early crops where proof of concept has been demonstrated[^1][^3]. **Overall validity**: 95% [^1]: [Flagship Pioneering Unveils Terrana Biosciences to Deliver Adaptive, Targeted Agricultural Solutions through a Novel RNA Technology Platform](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform-302494682.html) [^2]: [Flagship Pioneering Launches Terrana Biosciences to Advance RNA-Based Agricultural Innovation](https://igrownews.com/flagship-pioneering-latest-news/) [^3]: [Flagship Pioneering Unveils Terrana Biosciences…](https://www.flagshippioneering.com/news/press-release/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform) [^4]: [Terrana Biosciences to unleash RNA-based solutions for crop protection](https://www.agtechnavigator.com/Article/2025/07/03/terrana-biosciences-to-unleash-rna-based-solutions-for-crop-protection/) [^5]: [“Terrana Biosciences” Unveils Plans for RNA-Based Crop Protection](https://www.vantrumpreport.com/2025/09/24/terrana-biosciences-unveils-plans-for-rna-based-crop-protection/) ### 13. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has stated that Terrana Biosciences' modified soybeans are not genetically modified organisms — 5% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/sHuZtWKZCq7VzvKlCTEN **Analysis of the claim:** - The EPA has **not** made any public statement that Terrana Biosciences' modified soybeans are "not genetically modified organisms" according to an EPA spokesperson who explicitly stated the agency "has not made a public determination regarding Terrana Biosciences' RNA-based technology"[^1]. - There is no credible evidence that the EPA has approved any Terrana Biosciences products for commercial agricultural use or made comments about whether the technology constitutes GMOs[^1][^2]. - Terrana Biosciences' RNA-based agricultural products remain in the research and development phase as of early 2026, with no commercial regulatory approvals[^1][^2]. - The EPA spokesperson noted that RNA-based crop sprays are generally regulated as pesticides, and importantly clarified that the **USDA governs labeling of bioengineered foods, not the EPA**[^1]. - While Terrana's technology uses RNA rather than traditional genetic modification of the plant genome, the specific claim that the EPA has officially declared these soybeans "not GMO" is unsupported and contradicts the EPA's own statements[^2][^1]. - Social media posts making similar claims about EPA approval and "not GMO" determinations have been investigated and found to contain false information[^1][^2]. **Overall validity: 5%** [^1]: [Did Bill Gates donate $50M to create 'biologically modified' crops? Here's the truth | Snopes.com](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bill-gates-modified-crops/) [^2]: [Digging into claim Bill Gates got approval to 'secretly' spray RNA on ...](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bill-gates-spray-rna-food-crops/) ### 14. Bill Gates donated $50 million to Terrana Biosciences — 0% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/R6lLem4DxkM5gYSGYeWd The claim that Bill Gates donated $50 million to Terrana Biosciences is false. Here is my reasoning: - The $50 million investment in Terrana Biosciences came from **Flagship Pioneering**, a biotech venture capital firm, not from Bill Gates personally or the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation[^1][^2]. - Flagship Pioneering's July 2025 press release explicitly states the firm "initially committed $50 million to Terrana" to scale operations and develop crop-protection products[^1]. - Snopes fact-checked this exact rumor and found no evidence connecting Gates to Terrana; the Gates Foundation's own grants database shows no funding to the company[^3]. - A Flagship Pioneering spokesperson confirmed to Snopes that Gates and the Gates Foundation have "no financial, advisory or operational involvement with Terrana"[^3]. - The rumor originated from unsourced social media posts that misattributed Flagship Pioneering's investment to Bill Gates[^3][^2]. **Overall validity**: 0% [^1]: [Flagship Pioneering Unveils Terrana Biosciences… | Flagship Pioneering](https://www.flagshippioneering.com/news/press-release/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform) [^2]: [$50M Terrana investment not from Bill Gates — Lenz](https://lenz.io/c/bill-gates-50m-donation-terrana-biosciences-rna-crops-e61ce59d) [^3]: [Did Bill Gates donate $50M to create 'biologically modified' crops? Here's the truth | Snopes.com](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bill-gates-modified-crops/) ### 15. Terrana Biosciences will create a new category of biologically modified crops — 65% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/MukNbULnW4Izc9bYI5M4 Based on my research, here is my analysis of this claim: **Analysis:** - Terrana Biosciences is indeed pioneering a **new category** of agricultural solutions. The company describes itself as "pioneering a distinct category of novel RNA-based plant health solutions"[^1] and bringing "an entirely new dimension of innovation to agriculture"[^2]. - However, the company's technology works **without altering the plant genome**[^2]. Their RNA-based platform is applied topically or as seed treatments and enters plant cells through leaf tissue to deliver temporary functional traits, rather than permanently modifying the crops genetically[^3]. - Terrana has already developed "three novel technology classes" and demonstrated proof of concept in tomatoes, corn, and soy with a pipeline of 15+ potential products[^4]. - While Terrana does create "novel functional crop traits"[^4], calling them "biologically modified crops" is somewhat misleading. The company explicitly distinguishes its approach from conventional transgenic (genetically modified) methods, emphasizing that it operates "beyond the limitations and silos of traditional seed genetics"[^1]. - The claim correctly identifies that Terrana is creating something categorically new, but the specific phrasing "biologically modified crops" inaccurately suggests permanent genetic modification, which the company explicitly says its platform avoids[^2]. **Overall validity**: 65% [^1]: [Terrana Biosciences](https://www.terranabio.com/) [^2]: [Flagship Pioneering Unveils Terrana Biosciences…](https://www.flagshippioneering.com/news/press-release/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform) [^3]: [“Terrana Biosciences” Unveils Plans for RNA-Based Crop Protection – The Van Trump Report](https://www.vantrumpreport.com/2025/09/24/terrana-biosciences-unveils-plans-for-rna-based-crop-protection/) [^4]: [Flagship Pioneering Unveils Terrana Biosciences to Deliver Adaptive, Targeted Agricultural Solutions through a Novel RNA Technology Platform](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform-302494682.html) ### 16. Crops modified by Terrana Biosciences will not be labeled as modified — 55% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/BKKjUW07tBeWdu479zge - Terrana Biosciences develops RNA-based agricultural products, including sprays and seed treatments that deliver RNA to plants to trigger immune responses or produce protective proteins—this technology does not alter the plant's genome[^1][^2]. - The USDA's National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard defines "bioengineered food" as food containing "detectable genetic material that has been modified through certain lab techniques and cannot be created through conventional breeding or found in nature"[^3]—RNA spray treatments likely fall outside this definition because they don't leave detectable modified genetic material integrated into the plant genome. - As of March 2026, Terrana Biosciences had no commercially approved products and no regulatory approvals for any RNA-based crop treatment[^4][^5]—making this claim speculative about future products that do not yet exist. - The framing that these crops are "modified" is misleading; Terrana's RNA platform is explicitly described as working "without altering the plant genome" and is more analogous to a topical crop protection treatment than genetic engineering[^1][^2]. - Some advocacy groups have argued that newer technologies like RNA interference should be included under broader GMO/bioengineered definitions[^6], though current USDA regulations focus on detectable modified genetic material[^7][^8]. **Overall validity**: 55% [^1]: [Flagship Pioneering Unveils Terrana Biosciences…](https://www.flagshippioneering.com/news/press-release/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform) [^2]: [Platform](https://www.terranabio.com/platform) [^3]: [BE Disclosure | Agricultural Marketing Service - USDA](https://www.ams.usda.gov/rules-regulations/be) [^4]: [Digging into claim Bill Gates got approval to 'secretly' spray RNA on ...](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bill-gates-spray-rna-food-crops/) [^5]: [Did Bill Gates donate $50M to create 'biologically modified' crops? Here's the truth](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bill-gates-modified-crops/) [^6]: [USDA’s “Bioengineered” Food Label Language, Called Misleading, Upheld in Court Decision - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog](https://beyondpesticides.org/dailynewsblog/2025/12/usdas-bioengineered-food-label-language-called-misleading-upheld-in-court-decision/) [^7]: [The National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard Is Now in Effect - OFW Law](https://ofwlaw.com/the-national-bioengineered-food-disclosure-standard-is-now-in-effect/) [^8]: [U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) - IDFA](https://www.idfa.org/standards-labeling/u-s-department-of-agriculture-usda) ### 17. Crops modified by Terrana Biosciences will not be labeled as genetically modified organisms — 65% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/aIHw3Vrbta7jIOSoWgbb Based on my research, here is my analysis of the claim: **Analysis:** - Terrana Biosciences is developing RNA-based agricultural solutions that are applied as topical sprays or seed treatments, not traditional transgenic genetic engineering[^1][^2]. The company explicitly states its technology works "without altering the plant genome"[^1][^2]. - USDA's National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard requires labeling of foods containing "detectable modified genetic material"[^3][^4]. If Terrana's RNA products do not result in permanent genetic changes that leave detectable modified DNA in the final food product, they may fall outside the current definition of "bioengineered" under USDA regulations[^3]. - RNA interference (RNAi) and RNA-based crop technologies are relatively new, and there is ongoing debate about their regulatory classification. Advocacy groups have called for the USDA definition of "bioengineering" to explicitly include newer forms like RNAi[^5][^6], though current regulations may not clearly cover temporary RNA applications. - As of the research date, Terrana's products remain in the research and development phase and have not yet received regulatory approval for commercial use[^7]. The specific labeling determination for each product would depend on future EPA, FDA, and USDA evaluations. - The claim presents a definitive statement about future labeling requirements, but regulatory frameworks for novel RNA agricultural technologies are still evolving. Some sources note that certain RNAi applications may not trigger mandatory GMO/bioengineered labeling if they don't involve permanent genetic modification[^6], but this is not guaranteed for all product types. **Overall validity: 65%** The claim is plausible based on Terrana's description of its non-genome-altering RNA technology and current USDA labeling standards focused on detectable modified genetic material. However, it is stated with more certainty than is warranted, as regulatory classification of RNA-based crop treatments remains an evolving area, and Terrana's products have not yet completed the full regulatory approval process. [^1]: [Terrana Biosciences](https://www.terranabio.com/news/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform) [^2]: [Flagship Pioneering Unveils Terrana Biosciences…](https://www.flagshippioneering.com/news/press-release/flagship-pioneering-unveils-terrana-biosciences-to-deliver-adaptive-targeted-agricultural-solutions-through-a-novel-rna-technology-platform) [^3]: [More about the new USDA bioengineering label - Agriculture](https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/more-about-the-new-usda-bioengineering-label) [^4]: [How GMOs Are Regulated in the United States - FDA](https://www.fda.gov/food/agricultural-biotechnology/how-gmos-are-regulated-united-states) [^5]: [USDA's “Bioengineered” Food Label Language, Called Misleading ...](https://beyondpesticides.org/dailynewsblog/2025/12/usdas-bioengineered-food-label-language-called-misleading-upheld-in-court-decision/) [^6]: [Gene Silencing Products Set to Enter the Food and Feed Chain « Biosafety Information Centre](https://biosafety-info.net/articles/assessment-impacts/risk-assessment/gene-silencing-products-set-to-enter-the-food-and-feed-chain/) [^7]: [Digging into claim Bill Gates got approval to 'secretly' spray RNA on ...](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bill-gates-spray-rna-food-crops/) ### 18. Bill Gates is betting on making profit by genetically modifying food without telling consumers — 5% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/hGNUvVJ1y5WRXAPUAfyq - The exact claim you shared was directly addressed by Snopes, which traced it to a viral misinformation campaign about the biotech startup Terrana Biosciences[^1]. The claim quotes a specific social media post that falsely stated the technology "will not be labelled as modified" and that Gates is secretly modifying food for profit[^1]. - A related claim that Bill Gates donated $50 million to Terrana Biosciences was fact-checked and found to be 0% valid; the funding came from the venture capital firm Flagship Pioneering, and a spokesperson confirmed Gates has "no financial, advisory or operational involvement with Terrana"[^2]. - Snopes also confirmed that Terrana Biosciences does not currently have regulatory approvals to make its technology commercially available, contrary to social media claims that the EPA had already approved it[^1]. - Bill Gates has publicly and openly supported GMO technology for years, including in a 2018 Reddit "Ask Me Anything" where he stated "GMO foods are perfectly healthy"[^3]. His support is framed around agricultural productivity and addressing food insecurity, particularly in developing countries, not secret profit schemes[^3][^4]. - While the Gates Foundation did invest approximately $23 million in Monsanto (a GMO seed company) in 2010, it sold those shares the following year, and these investments were publicly reported, not hidden from consumers[^5]. - The Gates Foundation's agricultural initiatives focus on helping farmers in developing countries adapt to climate change and improve crop yields, with Gates explicitly stating that GMO seeds can help "avoid the starvation"[^4]. **Overall validity**: 5% [^1]: [Did Bill Gates donate $50M to create 'biologically modified' crops? Here's the truth | Snopes.com](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bill-gates-modified-crops/) [^2]: [Bill Gates donated $50 million to Terrana Biosciences](#R6lLem4DxkM5gYSGYeWd) [^3]: [Bill Gates Supports GMO Technology](https://dirt-to-dinner.com/in-the-news-bill-gates-gives-gmos-a-vote-of-confidence/) [^4]: [ARTICLE: Bill Gates: GMOs can help farmers adapt to climate change | GMO Answers](https://gmoanswers.com/article-bill-gates-gmos-can-help-farmers-adapt-climate-change) [^5]: [McDonald's french fries, carrots, onions: all of the foods that come from Bill Gates farmland](https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/mcdonald-s-french-fries-carrots-onions-all-foods-come-bill-n1270033) ### 19. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has given Terrana Biosciences' crops the green light — 0% Model: Kimi K2.6 · Checked on: 14/05/2026 · Detail: /claim/FqcM1ado7czgIjlJro0A Here's my analysis of the claim: **The claim is FALSE.** **Reasoning:** - The EPA has not approved any Terrana Biosciences products for commercial agricultural use. As of March 2026, an EPA spokesperson confirmed to Snopes that the agency "has not made a public determination regarding Terrana Biosciences' RNA-based technology"[^1]. - Flagship Pioneering, the venture capital firm backing Terrana, explicitly stated: "Terrana does not currently have any regulatory approvals to make this technology commercially available"[^1]. - Terrana Biosciences, launched in July 2025, remains in the research and development phase. Its products are still being developed and tested, with no record of commercial deployment or EPA approval[^1][^2]. - While Terrana has conducted tomato field trials in 2025 and is planning an antiviral spray for tomatoes as its first product, this is still in development, not approved for market[^3][^4]. - The confusion may stem from EPA's 2023 approval of GreenLight Biosciences' RNAi pesticide (Ledprona/Calantha) for Colorado potato beetles — this is a completely different company and product[^5][^6][^7]. **Overall validity**: 0% [^1]: [Did Bill Gates donate $50M to create 'biologically modified' crops? Here's the truth | Snopes.com](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bill-gates-modified-crops/) [^2]: [Digging into claim Bill Gates got approval to 'secretly' spray RNA on ...](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bill-gates-spray-rna-food-crops/) [^3]: [“Terrana Biosciences” Unveils Plans for RNA-Based Crop Protection](https://www.vantrumpreport.com/2025/09/24/terrana-biosciences-unveils-plans-for-rna-based-crop-protection/) [^4]: [Terrana Biosciences to unleash RNA-based solutions for crop ...](https://www.agtechnavigator.com/Article/2025/07/03/terrana-biosciences-to-unleash-rna-based-solutions-for-crop-protection/) [^5]: [GreenLight Biosciences 2026](https://www.greenlightbiosciences.com/) [^6]: [USDA, EPA greenlight RNA food tech amid calls for transparency](https://www.naturalnews.com/2025-08-12-usda-epa-greenlight-rna-food-tech.html) [^7]: [https://cen.acs.org/business/agriculture/Flagship-...](https://cen.acs.org/business/agriculture/Flagship-backed-firm-using-RNA/103/web/2025/07)